Tipografiya

Gucapa ni kimwe mu bice bine bikomeye by'abashinwa bakomeye b'Abashinwa bakora. Gucapa ibiti byahimbwe mu ngoma ya Tang kandi byakoreshwaga cyane mu ngoma ya Tang yo hagati no gutinda. Bi Sheng yahimbye ubwoko bwimukanwa ku giti cye ku ngoma ya Indirimbo Renzong, aranga kubyara ubwoko bwimukanwa. Niwe wahimbye bwa mbere ku isi, agaragaza ivuka ry'inzira ryimukanwa ricapa imyaka igera kuri 400 mbere y'Ikidage Johannes Gutenberg.

Gucapa ni intangiriro yimico ya kijyambere yabantu, gukora ibisabwa kugirango ukwirakwize kandi kungurana ubumenyi. Icapiro ryakwirakwiriye muri Koreya, mu Buyapani, Aziya yo hagati, Aziya y'Uburengerazuba n'Uburayi.

Mbere yo guhanga icapiro, abantu benshi ntibari bazi gusoma. Kuberako ibitabo byo hagati byari bihenze cyane, Bibiliya yakozwe kuva kuri jalskins 1.000. Usibye tome ya Bibiliya, amakuru yandukuwe mu gitabo arakomeye, cyane cyane abanyamadini, afite imyidagaduro mike cyangwa buri munsi.

Mbere yo guhanga icapiro, ikwirakwizwa ry'umuco ryihariye ryashingiye ku bitabo byandikishijwe intoki. Gukoporora intoki ni ugutwara igihe n'imirimo, kandi biroroshye gukoporora amakosa n'ibiti, bidashobora no kuzana iterambere ry'umuco, ahubwo bizana igihombo kidakwiriye kukwirakwizwa umuco. Gucapa birangwa no korohereza, guhinduka, kuzigama igihe no kuzigama. Ni intambwe ikomeye mubicapo bya kera.

Icapiro ry'Ubushinwa. Nibice byingenzi byumuco wabashinwa; Ihinduka hamwe niterambere ryumuco w'Abashinwa. Niba dutangiriye ku nkomoko yarwo, yanyuze mu bihe bine by'amateka, aribyo inkomoko, inshuro za kera, inshuro za none ndetse nigihe cyigihe cyigihe cyiterambere ryimyaka irenga 5.000. Mu minsi ya mbere, kugirango wandike ibyabaye no gukwirakwiza uburambe nubumenyi, abashinwa bashizeho ibimenyetso byanditse kandi bashakisha uburyo bwo kwandika izi nyuguti. Kubera uburyo bugarukira bwo gukora umusaruro muricyo gihe, abantu bashoboraga gukoresha ibintu bisanzwe gusa kwandika ibimenyetso byanditse. Kurugero, gushushanya no kwandika amagambo kubikoresho bisanzwe nkikinsa zubutare, amababi, amagufa yinyamaswa, amabuye, nibishishwa.

Gucapa no kumpapuro byagiriye akamaro abantu.